Ganglion is a small cystic swelling (not cancer), 2 to 3 cm. It originated in the cavity of the joint or tendon sheath, usually in the wrist but sometimes on foot or knee. From the standpoint of pathology, ganglion is occupied by a wall of fibrous collagen and slimy liquid. Considered to arise as a result of local myxoid degeneration of connective tissue or caused by trauma, such as sprains. Ganglion is usually painless and go, but the treatment.
12/10/2012
Rhabdomyosarcoma
Rhabdomyosarcoma is a fast growing and highly malignant tumor striated muscle. We can identify three distinct clinical and histologic: 1) pleomorphic adults (about 15%), which means it can take different forms, 2) embryonic alveolar (45%), 3) botrioideo embronario (40%). Rhabdomyosarcoma is generally aggressive tumors, early stage widespread, with metastases in the lungs, pleura, mediastinum and pericardium.
Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma occur in men and women, usually between 30 and 40 years. Attacks most commonly the lower extremities, usually the thigh muscles, such as quadriceps, adductor and semimembranosus. The tumor grows quickly and can reach even 25 cm in diameter. The tumor is located deep in the muscles and soft tissues are composed of grayish red meat and fish-like, with a focus of necrosis and hemorrhage. Because these tumors are pleomorphic, with light can be observed microscopically different types of cells, the cells are sometimes racket prolongations protoplasm unique and long, sometimes giant cells with peripheral vacuoles oval band separated by a thin cytoplasm (cell cobweb), but be- liver cell layer usually clearly distinguished from variable dimenciones.
Embryo alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma occurs almost exclusively in children and usually appears at the upper or lower extremities, but sometimes involving the trunk. Macroscopic rhabdomyosarcoma has aspects similar to adults, but rarely reach such large dimensions. In a histological study warns cellular round to oval shape, and the similarity suggests occasional slightly elongated muscle cells mature. The cells are arranged in small nests or rosette, separated by fibrous stroma interlace, frame holds some resemblance to images of lung alveolar cells and alveolar cavity neoplastic occupy, provide a name for this type of tumor.
Botrioideos embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas usually occurs in children and young adults and attacked several sites, for example, genitourinary, biliary tract and orbit. Skeletal muscle is rarely attacked.
Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma occur in men and women, usually between 30 and 40 years. Attacks most commonly the lower extremities, usually the thigh muscles, such as quadriceps, adductor and semimembranosus. The tumor grows quickly and can reach even 25 cm in diameter. The tumor is located deep in the muscles and soft tissues are composed of grayish red meat and fish-like, with a focus of necrosis and hemorrhage. Because these tumors are pleomorphic, with light can be observed microscopically different types of cells, the cells are sometimes racket prolongations protoplasm unique and long, sometimes giant cells with peripheral vacuoles oval band separated by a thin cytoplasm (cell cobweb), but be- liver cell layer usually clearly distinguished from variable dimenciones.
Embryo alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma occurs almost exclusively in children and usually appears at the upper or lower extremities, but sometimes involving the trunk. Macroscopic rhabdomyosarcoma has aspects similar to adults, but rarely reach such large dimensions. In a histological study warns cellular round to oval shape, and the similarity suggests occasional slightly elongated muscle cells mature. The cells are arranged in small nests or rosette, separated by fibrous stroma interlace, frame holds some resemblance to images of lung alveolar cells and alveolar cavity neoplastic occupy, provide a name for this type of tumor.
Botrioideos embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas usually occurs in children and young adults and attacked several sites, for example, genitourinary, biliary tract and orbit. Skeletal muscle is rarely attacked.
Chlorosis (female)
Chlorosis is a disease that occurs in women during the developmental maturity, which consists exclusively of decline in the proportion of hemoglobin in the blood. Chlorosis is widespread among young women in the late nineteenth century. Perhaps chlorotic condition starts very early during embryonic life or during early childhood, but it occurs in young people 12-18 years and associated with ovarian and menstrual cycles. What is striking in this patient was pale, sounding completely white, and ease of fatigue, the lips acquire grayish and the tongue has a bluish gray color.
Symptoms include fatigue and tiredness a bit of effort, the weight of the leg, dyspnea when climbing stairs, scintillating scotoma, headache, cold hands and feet, and menstrual disorders may be amenorrhea, vaginal discharge, and constipation. In more severe cases of chlorosis occurs relative lack of mitral and tricuspid valves. Changes in the characteristics present chlorosis CBC: real hyperchromic anemia, which decrease the proportion of hemoglobin in the blood. The number of erythrocytes is usually normal, but occasionally the upper and lower figures, but the most important change is the proportion of low hemoglobin, which usually varies between 70 and 15%. Therefore, also in the globular value, the amount is less than 0.7, generally varies between 0.5 and 0.6.
In colored extensions poikilocytosis surprising and above all great pale red blood cells. In preparation stained erythrocytes observed some polychromatophils, while in chlorosis, not usually found red blood cells with basophilic granulation. Chlorosis is a chronic condition that can last for several years, more than eight, but the direction is usually seen, usually associated with the treatment and the time of year, it becomes visible annoyance to early spring and early autumn improvement.
Symptoms include fatigue and tiredness a bit of effort, the weight of the leg, dyspnea when climbing stairs, scintillating scotoma, headache, cold hands and feet, and menstrual disorders may be amenorrhea, vaginal discharge, and constipation. In more severe cases of chlorosis occurs relative lack of mitral and tricuspid valves. Changes in the characteristics present chlorosis CBC: real hyperchromic anemia, which decrease the proportion of hemoglobin in the blood. The number of erythrocytes is usually normal, but occasionally the upper and lower figures, but the most important change is the proportion of low hemoglobin, which usually varies between 70 and 15%. Therefore, also in the globular value, the amount is less than 0.7, generally varies between 0.5 and 0.6.
In colored extensions poikilocytosis surprising and above all great pale red blood cells. In preparation stained erythrocytes observed some polychromatophils, while in chlorosis, not usually found red blood cells with basophilic granulation. Chlorosis is a chronic condition that can last for several years, more than eight, but the direction is usually seen, usually associated with the treatment and the time of year, it becomes visible annoyance to early spring and early autumn improvement.
Amyloid Substance
Material amyloid (or amyloid) is an abnormal protein substance deposited between the cells of many tissues and organs in dferentes clinical situation. Electron microscopy showed amyloid fibrils as arborescent limited length and a width of approximately 7.5 to 10 nm. These fibrils may occur singly, in groups fasikula lateral or woven mesh. The X-ray and infrared spectroscopy cristografía shows a picture of the characteristics of the so-called "shaping" ß.
We have identified two main chemical classes of amyloid substance: the first is called immunoglobulin light chain AL (amyloid light chain), the second consists of non-immunoglobulin protein AA (amyloid-related protein). This protein is different antigens and stored in different clinical circumstances.
We have identified two main chemical classes of amyloid substance: the first is called immunoglobulin light chain AL (amyloid light chain), the second consists of non-immunoglobulin protein AA (amyloid-related protein). This protein is different antigens and stored in different clinical circumstances.
Myotonic Dystrophy
Myotonic dystrophy, also called Curschmann and Steiner disease is a condition in which muscle atrophy associated with myopathy Thomsen type myotonia and hereditary endocrine disorders. Myotonic dystrophy is a hereditary and family, are more common in men than in women, and the observation of a rare degenerative. Started between 20 and 30 years. The patients had a family history of properties such as high infant mortality, many abortion, sterility, cataracts the beginning of each successive generation.
In myotonic dystrophy, the affected muscles showed a gradual loss of longitudinal and transverse striation and infiltration of the muscle fibers and fat drops of nuclear proliferation. While in the nervous system have been checked degenerative lesions in the diencephalon, and the vegetative nucleus splanchnic nerve, lateral and anterior horn of the spinal cord and posterior. Muscle atrophy that occurs in this disease occurs in the neck, face and distal limbs, myopathy kind uncontracted fibrils.
The condition occurs in myotonic hand, sternocleidomastoid muscle and eyelid. Endocrine and dystrophic signs of premature baldness comprise, eye cataracts, testicular atrophy, mumps, kyphosis or lordosis, with or without hypothyroidism, hypogonadism. The prognosis is not good, as the disease progresses slowly and patients end up as myopathy.
In myotonic dystrophy, the affected muscles showed a gradual loss of longitudinal and transverse striation and infiltration of the muscle fibers and fat drops of nuclear proliferation. While in the nervous system have been checked degenerative lesions in the diencephalon, and the vegetative nucleus splanchnic nerve, lateral and anterior horn of the spinal cord and posterior. Muscle atrophy that occurs in this disease occurs in the neck, face and distal limbs, myopathy kind uncontracted fibrils.
The condition occurs in myotonic hand, sternocleidomastoid muscle and eyelid. Endocrine and dystrophic signs of premature baldness comprise, eye cataracts, testicular atrophy, mumps, kyphosis or lordosis, with or without hypothyroidism, hypogonadism. The prognosis is not good, as the disease progresses slowly and patients end up as myopathy.
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